Īs of 2020 the only true orbital bombardment in history has been executed for scientific purposes. Some of the proposed systems rely on large tungsten carbide/ uranium cermet rods dropped from orbit and depend on kinetic energy, rather than explosives, but their mass makes them prohibitively difficult to transport to orbit. Orbital bombardment systems with conventional warheads are permitted under the terms of SALT II. The fractional orbital bombardment system was phased out in January 1983 in compliance with the SALT II treaty of 1979, which, among other things, prohibited the deployment of systems capable of placing weapons of mass destruction in such a partial orbit. While the Soviets deployed a working version of the system, they were forbidden by the Outer Space Treaty to place live warheads in space. ![]() Using this system, a nuclear warhead could be placed in low Earth orbit, and later de-orbited to hit any location on the Earth's surface. It has been proposed as a means of attack for several weapons systems concepts, including kinetic bombardment and as a nuclear delivery system.ĭuring the Cold War, the Soviet Union deployed a Fractional Orbital Bombardment System from 1968 to 1983. Orbital bombardment is the act of attacking targets on a planet, moon or other astronomical object from orbit around the object, rather than from an aircraft, or a platform beyond orbit. As other weapons exist, notably those using kinetic bombardment, that would not violate these treaties, some private groups and government officials have proposed a Space Preservation Treaty which would ban the placement of any weaponry in outer space. These agreements prohibit weapons of mass destruction from being placed in space. ĭevelopment of orbital weaponry was largely halted after the entry into force of the Outer Space Treaty and the SALT II treaty. During World War II Nazi Germany was also developing plans for an orbital weapon called the Sun gun, an orbital mirror that would have been used to focus and weaponize beams of sunlight. Several orbital weaponry systems were designed by the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. As of December 2022, there are no known operative orbital weapons systems, but several nations have deployed orbital surveillance networks to observe other nations or armed forces. Orbital weaponry is any weapon that is in orbit around a large body such as a planet or moon. The tests took place at Edwards Air Force Base. Although no real hardware was ever manufactured for deployment, the military did test the use of lasers mounted on Boeing 747s to destroy missiles in the 2000s, however these were discontinued due to practical limitations of keeping a constant fleet airborne near potential launch sites due to the lasers range limitations keeping a small number from being sufficient. When a missile launch was detected, the satellite would fire at the missile (or warheads) and destroy it. Other aspects included satellites in orbit carrying powerful laser weapons, plasma weapons, or particle beams. Some concepts of the system included Brilliant Pebbles, which were Kinetic Kill Vehicles, essentially small rockets launched from satellites toward their targets (a warhead, warhead bus, or even an upper stage of an ICBM). The defensive system was nicknamed Star Wars, after the movie, by its detractors. On March 23, 1983, President Ronald Reagan proposed the Strategic Defense Initiative, a research program with a goal of developing a defensive system which would destroy enemy ICBMs. Main article: Strategic Defense Initiative The Soviet uncrewed Polyus weapons platform was designed to be equipped with a megawatt carbon-dioxide laser and a self-defense cannon. This was the first and so far the only weapon to be fired in space. The Soviet Almaz secret military space station program was equipped with a fixed 23mm autocannon to prevent hostile interception or boarding by hostile forces. Space weapons are also a central theme in military science fiction and sci-fi video games. In the course of the militarisation of space, such weapons were developed mainly by the contesting superpowers during the Cold War, and some remain under development today. ![]() anti-satellite weapons), attack targets on the earth from space or disable missiles travelling through space. They include weapons that can attack space systems in orbit (i.e. Space weapons are weapons used in space warfare. JSTOR ( July 2012) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ![]() Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |